Family • Moraceae - Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. - JACKFRUIT - Mu bo luo Scientific names Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Artocarpus jaca Lam. Artocarpus philippensis Lam. Polyphema jaca Lour. Artocarpus maxima Blanco Saccus elasticus OK. Saccus integer OK. Saccus heterophyllus OK. Radermachia integer Thunb. Artocarpus integer Merr. Bo luo mi (Chin.) Common names Lanka (Ilk.) Langka (Ilk., Tag., Bis.) Nangka (Bis. Tag., Ibn.) Nanka (Bis., Sul.) Jack fruit (Engl.) Mu bo luo (Chin.) Other vernacular names ASSAMESE: Konthal, Konto phol, Kontok phol, Kontoki. MALAY: Nangka (Indonesia, Bali), Nangka bubor, Keledang (Timor). BENGALI: Kathal. MALAYALAM: Chakka. CHINESE: Shu bo luo, Niu du zi guo, Mang ca MARATHI: Phanas. DANISH: Jackfrugttrae. NEPALESE: Rukh kutaherr. DUTCH: Nangka. ORIYA: Panasa. FRENCH: Jacquier. PERSIAN: Derakhte nan. GERMAN: Indischer Brotfruchtbaum, Jackfrucht, Jackfruchtbaum. PORTUGUESE: Jaca. GUJARATI: Phannasa. SANSKRIT: Panasah, Panasam. HINDI: Cakki, Katahal, Kathal, Kanthal. SINHALESE: Jak, Kos. ITALIAN: Falso albero del pane. SPANISH: Arbol del pan, Fruta del pobre, Jaca, Jaka, Jaqueiro. JAPANESE: Nagami pannoki, Paramitsu. SWAHILI: Fenesi. KANNADA: Halasina hannu, Halasu, Panasero. SWEDISH: Jacktrad. KHMER: Khnor. TAMIL: Palaa, Palavu. KOREAN: Baramil THAI: Khanun, Makmee, Maak laang. LAOTIAN: Mai mi, Mak mi, Mi. VIETNAMESE: Mit. Botany Langka is a smooth tree reaching a height of 8 to 15 meters. Leaves are alternate, leathery, elliptic-oblong to obovate, entire or sometimes 3-lobed, 7 to 15 centimeters long, the apex and base both pointed. Female heads are embraced by spathaceous, deciduous, stipular sheaths, 5 to 8 centimeterslong. Sepals are two. Spike is 5 to 15 centimeters long. Fruit is green to greenish-yellow when ripe, fleshy, hanging on short stalks from the main stem or from large [...]

Family • Araliaceae - Schefflera odorata (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe - FIVE FINGERS - Qi ye lian Scientific names Schefflera odorata Blanco Schefflera bengalensis Gamble Schefflera elliptica (Blume) Harms Schefflera venulosa  Merr. Polyscias odorata  Blanco Polyscias obtusa  Blanco Paratropia crassa  Blanco Paratropia obtussa  Blanco Heptapleurum venulosum F.-Vill. Other vernacular names CHINESE: Qi ye lian, Mi mai e zhnag chai (S. ellipitica). Common names Arasagat (Ilk.) Galamai-amo (Tag.) Kalakang (Bag.) Karangkang (Bik.) Kayangkang (Bik.) Kokotimbazlun (Yak.) Lima-lima (Tag.) Palan (Sul.) Panagang (Tagb.) Tagima (Bis.) Tagilima (Bis.) Tarangkang (S. L. Bis.) Tughik (Iv.) Tuglima (Bis.) Five fingers (Engl.) Schefflera vine (Engl.) Gen info Schefflera are shrubs or trees, sometimes climbers or epiphytes, usually with palmately compound leaves. Several recent phylogenetic studies have shown Schefflera is clearly polyphyletic, and that the Asian species belong to sa single, well supported, morphologically coherent clade, which might have to be transferred to some other genera. There are nearly 1100 species widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics of both hemispheres; about 5 or 6 species endemic in the Philippines. Botany Lima-lima is a smooth vine, 2 to 6 meters high. Petioles are longer than the leaflets. Leaves are palmately compound leaves, with 5 to 6 leaflets. Leaflets are smooth and shining, leathery, elliptic to broadly ovate, of different sizes in the same leaf, 10 to 24 centimeters in length, 3 to 8 centimeters wide, with pointed tips. Flowers are greenish, 6-parted, 2 to 3 millimeters in diameter, borne on terminal, lax panicles 10 to 20 centimeters long. Fruit is globose and fleshy when fresh, 4 to [...]

Family • Ericaceae - Rhododendron vidalii Rolfe Scientific names Rhododendron vidalii Rolfe Rhododendron verticillatum Vidal Rhododendron lussoniense Rendle Common names Lofong (Bon.) Lopong (Bon.) Tingei (Bon.) Botany Lopong is a low, branching shrub 1 to 2 meters high. Leaves are oblong or obovate-oblong, 25 to 45 millimeters long, 10 to 20 millimeters wide, rounded at the tip, and pointed at the base, crowded in pseudo-whorls. Flowers are showy, white, about 3 centimeters long, and borne usually in clusters of two or three. Fruit is hairy, 1.5 to 2 centimeters long. Seeds are slightly more than 1 millimet4r in length, and bear appendages as long as themselves. Distribution - In mossy forests on exposed ridges, at an altitude of from 1,000 to 2,000 meters, in Cagayan, Isabela, Abra, Ifugao, Lepanto, Bontoc, Bataan, Quezon, and Laguna Provinces in Luzon. Uses Folkloric Used as a cure for itches. Study Findings • No studies found. Availability Wild-crafted.

Family • Cruciferae - Raphanus sativus - RADI8H - Lai-fu-tzu Ts-ao Scientific names Raphanus sativus Linn. Common names Labanos (Tag.) Rabanos (C. Bis., Span.) Lai-fu-tzu Ts-ao (Chin.) Radish (Engl.) Other vernacular names ARABIC: Fijil, Fujl. GERMAN: Rettich, Garten-Rettich, Radieschen. LAOTIAN: Kaad khaaw. z BENGALI: Mulō. GREEK: Rapani. MALAY: Lobak. SERBIAN: Rotkvica. BURMESE: Monla HEBREW: Tznonit. MARATHI: Mūlaka. SLOVANIAN: Retkvica. CHINESE: Luo bo, Lai fu, Ou zhou luo bo. HINDI: Mulla, Mooli, Muli, Mūlī. NEPALESE: Mulo. SPANISH: Rábano, Rabanito. CROATIAN: Rotkva, Rotkvica. HUNGARIAN: Retek. NORWEGIAN: Reddik. SWEDISH: Rädisa. CZECH: Øedkvièka. ICELANDIC: Raefla. PERSIAN: Torobcheh. TAMIL: Muulam, Mullangki. DANISH: Raeddike. ITALIAN: Rafano, Ravanello. POLISH: Rzodkiew, Rzodkiewka. THAI: Hua phak kat khao, Hua chai táo, DUTCH: Radijs. JAPANESE: (Yas) Hatsuka daikon, Radeisshu. PORTUGUESE: Rabanete. URDU: Mūlī. FINNISH: Retiisi, Retikka, Ruokaretikka. KHMER: Chhaay thaaw. PUNJABI: Mūlī. VIETNAMESE: Củ cải , Củ dền , Radi. FRENCH: Radis. KOREAN: Mu. RUSSIAN: ed'ka ogorodnaia, Red'ka posevnaia. Botany Labanos is a coarse, annual crop plant. Roots are fleshy, pungent and variable in size and form. Leaves are roughly hairy, the lower ones lyrate. Flowers are variable, about 1.5 centimeters long, usually white or lilac, with purple veins, sepals erect, lateral ones saccate at the base. Pod is indehiscent, lanceolate, cylindrical, and 2 to 2.6 centimeters in length, and terminates in a long beak. Seeds are separated by pith. Distribution - Widely cultivated in the Philippines at all altitudes. Properties · Considered anthelmintic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiscorbutic, diuretic, laxative, tonic, carminative, corrective, stomachic, cholagogue, lithotriptic, emmenagogue. · The juice of the [...]

Family • Zingiberaceae - Languas speciosa (J.C. Wendl.) Merr. - SHELL GINGER - Da cao kou Scientific names Alpinia zerumbet Pers. Alpinia speciosa (J.C., Wendl.) K. Schum. Languas speciosa (J. C. Wendl.) Sm. Zerumbet speciosum Wendl. Common names Langkauas na pula (Tag.) Langkawas na pula (Tag.) Common shell ginger (Engl.) Light galangal (Engl.) Pink porcelain lily (Engl.) Shell flower (Engl.) Shell ginger (Engl.) Da cao kou (Chin.) Other vernacular names BRAZIL: Colonia. CHINESE: Yan shan jiang, Chui hu shian jiang FRENCH: Atoumau (Martiniuqe). INDONESIA: Galoba merah, Goloba koi, Langkuas laki-laki. RUSSIAN: Al'piniia prekrasnaia. THAI: Kha khom. VIETNAMESE: Gừng ấm, Riềng ấm, Riềng đẹp, Sẹ nước. Botany Langkauas na pula is a tall, leafy, perennial herb, growing to 2 to 3 meters tall. Stems are reed-like, 0.4 to 1 meters high. Leaves are lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 60 to 70 centimeters long, 8 to 10 centimeters wide, smooth on both sides with hairy margins. Inflorescence is nodding and about 30 centimeters long. White calyx is subcampanulate, about 1.8 centimeters long. Corolla tube is white and about 3 centimeters long; the red lobes are broadly elliptic, and about 3 centimeters long. Lip is broad, ovate and about 4 centimeters long, yellow with red striations and dots. Capsule is somewhat spherical, about 2 centimeters in diameter, and reddish. Distribution - Cultivated for ornamental purposes in gardens. - Not a native of the Philippines. - Also occurs in China, Japan. - Cultivated in other warm countries. Constituents - The main constituents of the volatile oil from the leaves are d-camphor [...]

Family • Sterculiaceae - Pentapetes phoenicea Linn. - NOON FLOWER - Wu shi hua Scientific names Pentapetes phoenicea Linn. Pentapetes coccinea Blanco Pentapetes cebuana Blanco Common names Yamyampaka (Sub.) Flor de a las doce (Span.) Limang-dahon (Tag.) Copper cups (Engl.) Noon flower (Engl.) Midday flower (Engl.) Scarlet mallow (Engl.) Scarlet pentapetes (Engl.) Wu shi hua (Chin.) Other vernacular names BENGALI: Kat-lata bandhuli, Bandhuka. CHINESE: Ye luo jin qian. GUJARATI: Saubhagyasundari. HINDI: Bandhuka, Behsaram, Dopahariya, Tambridupari. MALAYALAM: Uchchamalari. SANSKRIT: Madhyadina, Bandhuka. TAMIL: Nagappu. TELUGU: Makinaccettu. Botany Limang-dahon is an erect, half-woody plant, 0.5 to 1 meter high. Branches are long and spreading. Leaves are alternate, linear, 6 to 10 centimeters long, toothed at the margins, usually having a broad, pointed base, tapering to a pointed tip. Flowers are borne in axils of the leaves, with 5 large, deep rose, and showy petals. Fruit is five-valved, rounded, with a hairy capsule 1 centimeter in diameter. Seeds, which are not winged, occur 8 to 12 in two series in each cell. Distribution - In Cagayan, La Union, Quezon, Bataan, Pampanga and Laguna Provinces in Luzon, and in Samar, Negros, and Mindanao. - In open and damp grasslands. - Sometimes, cultivated. - Probably introduced, now thoroughly naturalized. - Also reported from India to Indo-China and Malaya. Constituents - Phytochemical analysis of stem, leaf, and root extracts yielded alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, phenolics, coumarins, and triterpenoids. Additional Sources and Suggested Readings (1) Plants used by the ethnic people of Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh / K N Reddy, G Trimurthulu [...]

Family • Araceae - Acorus gramineus - SWEET FLAG - Chou pu Scientific name Acorus calamus Linn. Acorus asiaticus Nakai Chang pu (Chin.) Common names Acoro (Span.) Canna odorifera (Italy) Dalaw (Ilk.) Daraw (Ilk.) Dengaw (Bon.) Junco-de-cobra (Portugal) Kalmus (Germany) Lubigan (Tag.) Acorus roseau (Engl.) Calamus (Engl.) Sweet calamus (Engl.) Sweet flag (Engl.) Sweet root (Engl.) Chou pu (Chin.) Other vernacular names CHINESE: Ni chang pu, Xiang pu, Ye chang pu. FRENCH: Acore aromatique, Acore calame, Acore odorant, Belle angelique, Roseau odorant. GERMAN: Kalmus. ITALIAN: Acoro vero, Calamo. JAPANESE: Shoubu. MALAYALAM: Vashampa. NEPALESE: Bojho, Shyuedaa. SANSKRIT: Bhuta nashini (Goa) (ANHC), Vacha, Vaca. SPANISH: Cálamo aromático, Calamís. TAMIL: Vasambu. THAI: Hang khao pha (Chiang Mai), Som chuen, Wan nam, Wan nam lek. Botany Lubigan is a perennial aromatic herb, with creeping, branching and rhizomatous rootstock. Rhizome are prostrate, firm and stout with compactly arranged annular rings with numerous rootlets. Leaves arising from rhizome are linear, distichous, 25 to 50 centimeters long, 1 to 1.5 centimeters wide, with waved margins and stout midribs, base of leaf sheathed, clasping to each other. Peduncle is compressed. Spathe is green, much elongated, similar in shape to the leaves. Spadix is 3 to 5 centimeters long, and 1 centimeter or less in diameter, and bears many flowers. Flowers are very small, compacted into a concave-shaped spadix inflorescence. Sepals are 6, stamens 6, rarely flowering in the Philippines. Fruits are berries, turbinate, prismatic, with pyramidal tops, about 0.2 centimeter diameter. Distribution - Along streams in mountains, creeks other moist places with [...]

Family • Malvaceae - Sapinit - Hibiscus surattensis Linn. - WILD SOUR - Ci fu rong Scientifric names HIbiscus suratensis Linn. Hibiscus aculeatus G. Don Hibiscus appendiculatus Stokes Hibiscus involucratus Salisb. Other vernacular names CHINESE: Ci mu jin, Wu zhao teng. FRENCH: liane oseille. KANNADA: Mullu gogu. MALAYALAM: Assam susor. TAMIL: Kashikirai. VIETNAMESE: Bụp Xước, Xương chua. Common names Ahimit (Gad.) Andahalit (Sul.) Barbarinit (Ilk.) Inabu (Ilk.) Kalitoitoi (Tagb.) Labneg (P. Bis.) Labog (Bis.) Ahimit (Gad.) Labuag (Ak., Bis.) Sabnit (Tag.) Sagmit (Tag.) Sampinit (Sul.) Sapinit (Tag.) Bush sorrel (Engl.) Wild sour (Engl.) Ci fu rong (Chin.) Additional Sources and Suggested Readings   (1) A study on ethnomedicinal usage of plants among the folklore herbalists and Tripuri medical practitioners: Part-II / Koushik Majumdar and B K Datta / Natural Product Radiance, Vol. 6(1), 2007, pp.66-73 (2) Fatty acid compositions of seed oils of seven hibiscus species of malvaceae / K. Sundar Rao and G. Lakshminarayana / JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, Vol 62, No 4, 714-715 / DOI: 10.1007/BF03028736 (3) Wild edible plants traditionally used by the tribves in the Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India / K Yesodharan and K A Sujana / Natural Product Radiance, Vol 6 (1), 2007, Pp74-80 (4) PRODUCTION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BIODIESEL FROM HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA AND HIBISCUS SURATTENSIS / BIRIOK, GEORGE STEPHEN / Thesis and Dissertation / http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3692 Botany Labuag is a weak-stemmed trailing plant covered with soft hairs and scattered prickles. Leaves are rounded, toothed, and deeply and palmately 3- or 5-lobed. Flowers are yellow with a dark red [...]

Family • Apocynacea - Kickxia blancoi Rolfe Scientific names Kitabalia blancoi (Rolfe) Merr . Kickxia arborea F.-Vill. Kickxia merrittii Merr. Kickxia macgregori Elm. Common names Ayete (Mang.) Kagpaayan (Ilk.) Laneti (P. Bis.) Laniting-gubat (Tag.) Pasnit (Ilk.) Botany Laniting-gubat is a tree growing to a height of 18 to 20 meters. Leaves are opposite, rather leathery, shiny, smooth, ovate, 7 to 12 centimeters long, 2 to 3.5 centimeters wide, pointed at both ends. Flowers are white or light green, showy and occur in the axils of the leaves, singly or in pairs. Corolla is about 2.5 centimeters long, narrow below, wide above, with 5 lobes, each about 5 centimeters long and 1.3 centimeters wide. Fruit is a cylindrical follicle. Distribution - Found in primary and secondary forests at low and medium altitudes in Cagayan, Ilocos Sur, Batangas, and Laguna Provinces in Luzon; and in Catanduanes, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Guimaras, Negros, and Leyte. Constituents Bark contains alkaloids. Properties Bark and leaves may have progesterone like effects. Parts used Bark, roots, leaves. Uses Folkloric Decoction of roots and bark used as abortifacient. Leaves applied as head covering for headaches. Others Bark and leaves used as fish-poison. Study Findings • No studies found. Availability Wildcrafted.

Family • Acanthaceae - Pseuderanthemum bicolor (Shrank) Radik. - SHOOTING STAR Scientific names Pseuderanthemum bicolor (Schrank) Radik. Eranthemum bicolor Schrank Eranthemum haenkeanum Nees Eranthemum pulchellum Hort. Justicia bicolor Sims Justicia fasciculata Nees Justicia gendarussa Blanco Pseuderanthemum bicolor Radik. Pseuderanthemum aspersum Radik. Pseuderanthemum puchellum (Hort.) Merr. Common names Aliopiop (Bis.) Mopia (Bis.) Atai-atai (Bis.) Panatun (Tag.) Boian (Tagb.) Pasioki (Tag.) Cinco llagas (Span.) Podol (Mbo.) Kinatuluan (Tag.) Pulpulto (Illk.) Kublit (Bik.) Tihol-tihol (Bis.) Limang-sugat (Tag.) Tulang-manok (P. Bis.) Maladosdos (Bis.) Tamban-tamban (Sul.) Mañgauhai (Mbo.) Bicolor false eranthemum (Engl.) Mandalusa (C. Bis.) Shooting star (Engl.) Additional Sources and Suggested Readings (1) Antimicrobial Triterpenes and Sterols from Pseuderanthemum bicolor / Ragasa C Y, G Ganzon and J A Rideout / Kimika, 17(2),1-4 Botany Limang-sugat is an erect, branched, rather slender undershrub or half-woody plant usually about 1 meter in height. Leaves are thin, elliptic-ovate to oblong-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 5 to 12 centimeters long, the upper ones often reduced, pointed at the tip and narrowed to the petiole at the base. Peduncles are axillary and longer than the petioles, bearing near their apices 1 to 3 or more racemose or cymose flowers. Calyx is green, 5 to 7 millimeters long, with elongated, linear teeth. Corolla is white, the middle lobe of the lower lip has a purple spot at the base; the tube is slender and 2.5 to 3 centimeters long; lobes are spreading, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, and about 1.2 centimeters long. Fruit is a hairy, stalked capsule, about 2 centimeters long. Distribution Common in thickets at low altitudes from northern Luzon to Palawan and Mindanao and in most islands and provinces. [...]